Involvement of learners in course planning is a feature of ________ learning.

• A. Passive learning
• B. Lifelong learning
• C. Self-directed
• D. Structured learning

Answer: (C)

The main idea being tested is learner autonomy in planning and directing their own learning. When learners help decide what to study, how to study, and what resources or pace to use, they are engaging in self-directed learning. This approach centers on the learner taking initiative, setting goals, selecting materials, and monitoring progress, with guidance from the teacher as needed. Involvement in course planning shows the autonomy and responsibility that define self-directed learning, where the learner is an active agent rather than a passive recipient. The other options don’t emphasize ownership of the plan—passive learning positions the student as a receptor, lifelong learning is about ongoing growth over time, and structured learning is typically more teacher-led with a fixed path.