Which model of teaching literature is learner-centered?

• A. Cultural model
• B. Language model
• C. Social model
• D. Content model

Answer: (B)

The language model is learner-centered because it uses literature primarily as a tool to develop the learner’s language skills. In this approach, texts are chosen and tasks are designed with the learners’ language needs, interests, and real communication goals in mind. Students actively use language in meaningful, authentic ways—discussing, negotiating meaning, and producing language—in a way that builds their vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and overall communicative competence. The focus is on the learner’s ongoing language growth and autonomy, with activities tailored to their level and goals.

Other models tend to center on aspects like culture and interpretation (cultural model), the subject matter or content to be learned (content model), or the social dynamics of learning (social model). While those can be valuable, they don't foreground the learner’s own language development and independent agency to the same extent as the language-centered approach in teaching literature.