Which of the following is not typically considered part of a canon?

• A. Classical tragedies
• B. Romantic poetry
• C. Modern novels
• D. Works produced by female writers

Answer: (D)

A literary canon is the collection of works that are widely regarded as essential to study and teach in a culture's literary tradition. These texts are chosen because they’ve been seen as influential, enduring, and representative of important ideas and techniques.

Classical tragedies, Romantic poetry, and Modern novels are all kinds of works that have traditionally been valued and included in canons because they’re considered foundational, influential across many periods, and frequently studied for their enduring themes and craft. In contrast, a broad category of works produced by female writers has not historically been treated as a standard part of the canon. This reflects past biases in what was considered “canonical,” where male authors and certain traditions dominated the lists. Today, there’s more effort to broaden canons to include diverse voices, but the typical, traditional canon has been biased toward male-authored works, which is why the category of works by female writers is not typically considered part of the canon.